From the Big Bend Regional Medical Center

TRI-COUNTY — As temperatures drop and winter storms brew, it’s essential to understand the risks of frostbite and hypothermia, which can have serious and long-lasting effects if not addressed promptly.

Frostbite occurs when the skin and underlying tissues freeze due to prolonged exposure to cold. It often affects extremities like fingers, toes, ears and the nose. Symptoms include numbness, a tingling sensation, discoloration of the skin, and a waxy or hard appearance.

Hypothermia occurs when the body loses heat faster than it can produce, causing a dangerous drop in core temperature. Early signs include shivering, confusion, fatigue and slurred speech. Severe hypothermia can lead to unconsciousness and even be life-threatening.

To protect yourself and your loved ones:

  • Dress in warm, layered clothing that is windproof and waterproof.
  • Limit time outdoors in extreme cold and take frequent breaks in a warm environment.
  • Avoid alcohol, as it can impair your body’s ability to retain heat.
  • Check on vulnerable individuals, including children, the elderly and those with health conditions, as they are at higher risk.

If you suspect frostbite or hypothermia, seek medical attention immediately. The American Red Cross lists the following as steps to take as well.

  • Get to a warm place: Go indoors or to a warm shelter as soon as possible. 
  • Remove constricting clothing: Take off any wet clothing or jewelry. 
  • Warm the affected area: Use a warm washcloth, immerse the area in warm water, or use your body heat. You can also cover the area with warm blankets. 
  • Avoid rubbing: Do not rub or massage the affected area, as this can cause further damage. 
  • Seek medical care: Get medical care after taking these steps.